Dr. Toy welcomes Dr. Rachel Armstead (Assistant Administrator of Beaver County Children and Youth Services) to break down structural disparities inside child welfare. Dr. Rachel draws on her 26 years of experience to discuss ‘situational’ vs. ‘generational’ poverty. She provides actionable, asset-based framing tips for case managers—warning against viewing low-income family behaviors through biased middle-class lenses—and handles an audience question on classroom trauma triggers.